Diagnosis

As the symptoms of dementia can develop slowly and can be similar to other conditions it can be difficult to make a person's diagnosis, particularly in the early stages. However, health professionals are able to observe the pattern of symptoms and perform a few simple tests over a period of time to measure any change. Although the tests are fairly accurate, a definitive diagnosis can still only be made after death by examining the brain during a post mortem.

Diagnosing dementia

To diagnose dementia, a doctor may ask about symptoms and medical history. They may do a physical check up. A doctor may also ask some questions to test a person's memory. One of the memory tests commonly used is the mini mental state examination (MMSE).

Some other tests, like blood tests, may help a doctor find the cause of dementia symptoms such as memory loss. Memory loss can have many causes, including getting older, stress or depression. Very rarely, dementia can be reversed; for example, if it is due to thyroid hormone deficiency. It is important to get the right diagnosis.

Brain scans

A doctor may use a brain scan to help them disgnose the cause of dementia. This could be a CT scan or an MRI scan of the brain.

If a diagnosis of dementia is made, a GP may refer a patient to a memory clinic or speacialist, who may be able to help with symptoms. There are some drugs that may help slow symptoms of dementia.

Making earlier diagnosis possible is just one area into which ART funds research. Diagnosing dementia early is important, as it means people can get the right treatments, help and support and gives both the patient and their family valuable time to plan for the future. Accurate early diagnosis could also mean that future treatments can be given before the brain is damaged.